System for producing gearboxes

ABSTRACT

A system which is used to produce gearboxes and consists of various components (M, A M , A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , H an , H ab , A E ). A SP kinematics or TP kinematics gearbox can be produced by mounting a different assembly of the component (H an ) and the components (H ab ) and (A 2 ).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a system for producing gearboxes, whichconsists of different subassemblies.

There are known gearboxes which consist of one, two or, whereappropriate, three casing parts and have corresponding stages,transmission stages, etc.

Furthermore, in gearboxes, there are kinematics known as SP or TPkinematics. The individual gearboxes are designed as constructionseries, for example in SP kinematics or in TP kinematics. In thiscontext, either only long, straight gearboxes can be produced for aspecific construction series or short, thick gearboxes, for example asTP gearboxes, can be produced with completely different subassemblies.

There are therefore only different basic construction types, gearboxeswith different kinematics.

The object on which the present invention is based is, therefore, toprovide a system of the type initially mentioned, which can be useduniversally and in which subassemblies for the most diverse possiblekinematics and basic construction types of gearboxes can be used atleast partially.

At the same time, the number of subassemblies for any desired types isto be minimized, while different kinematics, transmission ratios orpower flows are to be implemented. Furthermore, for a reduction inmanufacturing costs, the parts are to be reduced.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To achieve the object, a gearbox having SP kinematics or TP kinematicscan be assembled by means of a different mounting of the subassembly(H_(an)) with the subassembly (H_(ab)) and (A₂).

In the present invention, by means of the essential core subassemblies,such as, for example, the engine, the engine adapter plate, the hollowshaft wheel of the output stage, the ring wheel of the drive stage andthe output unit, designed as an output shaft or output flange,single-stage, two-stage or three-stage gearboxes with different outputunits can be produced. In this case, the output unit is to be designedas an output shaft or as an output flange.

Furthermore, in the present invention, it is important that, by means ofdifferent mounting operations a corresponding different connection ofthe ring wheel of the drive stage to one side of a universalplanet-wheel carrier of the output stage, a gearbox according to TPkinematics can be produced, or, by means of another mounting operation,the ring wheel of the drive stage can be screwed to the stationarycasing, in order to produce a gearbox with SP kinematics.

In this case, all the gearboxes can be assembled as TP or SP gearboxeswith the same core subassemblies, without in addition other additionalsubassemblies being required.

At the same time, in the universal system or universal construction kit,in each case a single-stage, two-stage or three-stage gearbox can beproduced selectively by means of units.

As a result, the number of all these subassemblies for different gearboxkinematics and different gearbox types, whether long or short or TP orSP gearboxes, is reduced considerably.

At the same time, different kinematics and also transmission ratios andpower flows can be implemented by means of one and the same subassembly.

Furthermore, the individual subassemblies or casing parts can be screwedor welded to one another, adhesively bonded to one another or connectedto one another by positive connections. That is to say, furthermore,even customer-specific gearboxes, particularly with regard, for example,to flanges, shafts, output flanges, sensors or the like, can bespecified very easily, since only this subassembly of the output unit orof the output shaft or of the output flange has to be specified andadapted. All the remaining subassemblies can preserve their originalform in order to produce a single-stage, two-stage or three-stagegearbox in the TP or the SP version.

Also, corresponding individual subassemblies of the output shaft or ofthe output flange can be provided, for example, with correspondingsensors or the like. This is likewise to come within the scope of thepresent invention.

In particular, the choice of the output subassemblies or of the outputunits is particularly suitable for specifying gearboxes with specialcustomer-specific modifications or the like.

It is also conceivable, if appropriate, to flange different engines andmounted parts to single-stage, two-stage or three-stage gearboxesdesigned as SP or TP gearboxes. This gives rise to a universal system,in particular a universal construction kit, which ensures that theindividual subassemblies can be constructed in one and the same numberof subassemblies in order to produce gearboxes with differentkinematics, different selectable transmission ratios and differentgearbox versions or different gearbox types as SP or TP constructionseries. This saves considerable manufacturing costs and ensures that theuser can himself construct a gearbox in a user-specific way.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further advantages, features and details of the invention may begathered from the following description of preferred exemplaryembodiments and with reference to the drawing in which:

FIG. 1 a shows a diagrammatically illustrated arrangement of individualsubassemblies for the production of different gearboxes, in particularfor the production of a single-stage, two-stage and three-stage gearbox;

FIG. 1 b shows diagrammatically illustrated views of a kinematic plan ofan SP gearbox and of a TP gearbox;

FIGS. 2 a and 2 b show diagrammatically illustrated top views of anengine and of an adapter plate for an engine;

FIGS. 3 a and 3 b show diagrammatically illustrated longitudinalsections through two different mounted parts with clamping hubs and withan integrated sun wheel;

FIG. 3 c shows a diagrammatically illustrated longitudinal sectionthrough a further mounting part with an integrated sun wheel and planetwheel;

FIG. 4 shows a diagrammatically illustrated longitudinal section throughthe component as the ring wheel of the drive stage;

FIG. 5 shows a diagrammatically illustrated longitudinal section througha further component as the hollow shaft wheel of the output stage;

FIGS. 6 a and 6 b show diagrammatically illustrated longitudinalsections through output units designed as an output flange A_(F) oroutput shaft A_(W).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

According to FIG. 1 a, a system S according to the invention for theproduction of different gearboxes, single-stage, two-stage orthree-stage gearboxes, shows different possibilities for assembling asingle-stage or two-stage or three-stage gearbox from differentsubassemblies, and in this case certain identical subassemblies can beused in each gearbox.

Each gearbox may also be used as a subassembly of components with anengine M, if appropriate an engine adapter plate A_(M), and also thehollow shaft wheel H_(ab) and an output unit A_(E), illustrated here bybroken lines.

In this case, the hollow shaft wheel of the output stage H_(ab) may befollowed selectively as an output unit A_(E) by an output shaft A_(W) oran output flange A_(F) as a subassembly.

If a single-stage gearbox is to be produced, the subassemblies, engineand, if appropriate, adapter plate A_(M), are added to a first mountedpart A₁, then the hollow shaft wheel of the output stage H_(ab) andfinally any desired output unit A_(E). Either, the output shaft A_(W) oroutput flange A_(F) are attached as an output unit A_(E) to the hollowshaft wheel of the output stage H_(ab). The design of the output unitA_(E) can be selected customer-specifically and can also be changedcustomer-specifically.

This gives rise to a single-stage gearbox which can be modifiedcustomer-specifically especially in the region of the output unit A_(E).For example, any desired flanges, special versions of shafts, sensors orthe like in these subassemblies may be modified, or these may be variedcorrespondingly.

These are then fitted onto the subassemblies, engine M and mounted partA₁, or, in particular, onto the hollow shaft wheel of the output stageH_(ab).

In order to obtain a two-stage gearbox, the engine M, if appropriate theengine adapter plate A_(M), is again likewise connected to a secondmounted part A₂ to which a ring wheel of the drive stage H_(an) isattached. The hollow shaft wheel of the output stage H_(ab) is thenattached to this ring wheel in the way described above, and, once again,depending on the customer requirement and particular embodiment, anydesired drive unit A_(E) may be designed as an output shaft A_(W) or asan output flange A_(F) in the way described above. It is important,here, that, at least in the version of a single-stage or two-stagegearbox, at least the subassemblies, engine M, engine adapter plateA_(M) and hollow shaft wheel of the output stage H_(ab) and,selectively, the output unit A_(E), can be used again, without changes,as the same subassemblies.

In order to obtain a three-stage gearbox, in the case of a correspondingconstruction of the two-stage gearbox, a further mounted part A₃ merelyhas to be inserted between the subassemblies, mounted part A₂ and ringwheel of the drive stage H_(an).

Depending on the customer requirement and the design of the three-stagegearbox, any desired drive unit A_(E) as a drive shaft A_(W) or as adrive flange A_(F) can then be selectively attached to the hollow shaftwheel of the output stage H_(ab) in the way described above.

In order to produce a single-stage, two-stage or three-stage gearbox bymeans of these few subassemblies, the respective marked subassemblieshaving to be connected in each case correspondingly to 1 for asingle-stage, 2 for a two-stage or 3 for a three-stage, differentgearboxes can be assembled.

Thus, a two-stage or three-stage gearbox can be produced in a modularmanner by means of a minimum number of subassemblies. The individualsubassemblies merely have to be screwed, welded or joined to one anotheror otherwise connected to one another. The invention will not berestricted to this.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that, in particular by the selection ofdrive unit A_(E) as drive shaft A_(W) or drive flange A_(F), long orshort gearboxes with specific shafts or flanges can be produced so as tobe single-stage or multistage. Different transmission ratios and powerflows can thereby be implemented by means of different kinematics as TPor SP.

As a result, gearboxes can be produced universally, and gearboxes whichare of different types and which possess different kinematics can beproduced by means of the same essentially identical subassemblies. Thisis implemented merely by means of a very limited number of subassembliesas a universal construction kit. At the same time, the different gearboxtypes can be produced, single-stage, two-stage and three-stage, as SP toTP gearboxes from subassemblies. Thus, not only the gearbox type, butalso the desired size of the gearbox and the desired kinematics of thegearbox can be varied customer-specifically and be produced individuallyby means of one and the same component.

To produce a two-stage TP gearbox, the ring wheel 20 of the ring wheelof the drive stage H_(an), see FIG. 4, is firmly connected, inparticular firmly screwed, to the universal planet-wheel carrier 9 ofthe hollow shaft wheel H_(ab) of the output stage, see FIG. 5.

To produce a two-stage SP gearbox, a ring wheel 20 of the ring wheel ofthe drive stage H_(an) is firmly connected, in particular firmlyscrewed, to the stationary casing part 3 of the mounted part A₂ by meansof another mounting operation.

In this case, the same subassemblies, hollow shaft wheel of the outputstage H_(ab) and ring wheel of the drive stage H_(an) and also mountedpart A₂, can be used in order to produce either an SP or a TP gearbox.What is important here is only the different mounting operation of theindividual subassemblies in order to obtain different kinematics bymeans of one and the same subassembly here.

The individual subassemblies for producing the different gearboxes aredescribed below as follows:

The different kinematics of an SP gearbox or of a TP gearbox areillustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 1 b. The kinematic plan of an SPgearbox shows different transmission ratios from that of a TP gearbox.Particulars of the kinematic plan of the SP and TP gearbox are not dealtwith in any more detail, since this is known in the prior art.

According to FIG. 2 a, any desired engine M can be directly connected bymeans of an engine shaft 1 to a mounted part A₁ or A₂, as illustratedparticularly in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b. If appropriate, an engine adapterplate A_(M) is inserted between them, in which case the engine adapterplate A_(M) can be connected to the mounted parts A₁ or A₂.

The engine shaft 1, merely indicated here, engages into a correspondingclamping hub 2 of the subassemblies A1 or A2. The mounted part A1 or A2has, in addition to a clamping hub 2, a casing part 3, in which a sunwheel 4 is mounted in each case by a bearing 5, the sun wheel 4 beingdesigned as a plug-in sleeve 6.

The mounted parts A₁ and A₂ of FIGS. 3 a and 3 b differ from one anothersomewhat merely in the form and dimensioning of the casing part 3.

In the production of the single-stage gearbox, the engine M is connecteddirectly to the clamping hub 2 or to the mounted part A₁. The hollowshaft wheel of the output stage H_(ab) is attached to the mounted partA₁, said hollow shaft wheel being illustrated in FIG. 5. In this case,the hollow shaft wheel of the output stage H_(ab) has a planet wheel 7which is in engagement with a sun wheel 8. A planet wheel 9 is mountedin a casing part 10 by bearings 11. The casing part 10 is provided inthe outer region with a centering flange 12, onto which the drive shaftA_(W) or output flange A_(F) illustrated in FIGS. 6 a and 6 b can beplugged.

In FIG. 5, the universal planet-wheel carrier 9 projects somewhat beyondthe casing part 10. The output flange A_(F) has a casing part 14 inwhich a bearing 15 and a flange 16 are provided.

The flange 16 serves for receiving and attaching any desired workpiecesand/or tools or for driving any desired loads or the like.

Furthermore, the casing part 14 is provided with a suitable centeringflange 17 which fits onto the corresponding centering flange 12 of thehollow shaft wheel of the output stage H_(ab). If the output flangeA_(F) is selected as the output unit A_(E) in the single-stage gearbox,the casing parts 14 and 10 fit exactly one into the other, the bearing15 of the drive flange A_(F) at the same time forming an additionalmounting of the universal planet-wheel carrier 9 of the hollow shaftwheel of the output stage H_(ab).

In this case, the universal planet-wheel carrier 9 is connected to theflange 16 of the output flange A_(F) nonpositively and/or positively.

If the drive shaft A_(W) is adapted and attached to the hollow shaftwheel H_(ab) in the single-stage gearbox, a casing part 17, asillustrated particularly in FIG. 6 b, is attached on the end face to thecasing part 10 of the hollow shaft wheel H_(ab). A shaft 18 is mountedwithin the casing part 17 via a bearing 19.

It is important, furthermore, in the present invention, that, in thecase of the output shaft A_(W) and output flange A_(F), the embodimentand size of the casing parts 14 and 17 can be varied and designedcustomer-specifically, as illustrated in FIGS. 6 a and 6 b. The samealso applies to the size and type of the flange 16 or of the shaft 18.If, as illustrated in FIG. 1, a two-stage gearbox is constructed, theengine M and the mounted part A₂ are assembled, as described in FIG. 3b, if appropriate with an adapter plate A_(M) inserted between them, aring wheel of the drive stage H_(an) being inserted between the mountedpart A₂ and the hollow shaft wheel H_(ab) of the output stage, asillustrated particularly in FIG. 4. This gearbox has a ring wheel 20 inwhich a universal planet-wheel carrier 21 carries at least one planet 22which meshes with a sun wheel 23. At the same time, the universalplanet-wheel carrier 21 is in each case formed on both sides of the sunwheel 22 and, on one side, carries a bearing 24 and, on the oppositeside, is designed as a plug-in sleeve 25.

In the region of the plug-in sleeve 25, the hollow shaft wheel of theoutput stage H_(ab) is attached to the ring wheel of the drive stageH_(an), in that the sun wheel 8 is connected positively and/ornonpositively to the universal planet-wheel carrier 21 and an innerregion of the universal planet-wheel carrier 9, see FIG. 5, engages intothe ring wheel 20 and integrates or supports the ring wheel H_(an) ofthe drive stage.

The ring wheel of the drive stage H_(an) can be inserted as what isknown as a second stage, in particular prestage, between the mountedpart A₂ and the ring wheel of the drive stage H_(an).

During the assembly of the subassemblies A₂ and H_(an) in the casingpart 3, the bearing 24 of the ring wheel of the drive stage H_(an) ismounted or received on a bearing seat 26 of the casing part 3, thesubassembly A₂, see FIG. 3 b. The sun wheel 4 of the mounted part A₂ isconnected positively to the sun wheel 23 of the ring wheel H_(an).

Furthermore, the casing parts 3 and 10 of the mounted part A₁ or thehollow shaft wheel of the output stage H_(ab) can be connected to oneanother, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 b and 5, the ring wheel of the drivestage H_(an) being inserted between them in the way described above. Thecasing parts 3 and 10 can be screwed or welded to one another or else beconnected nonpositively or positively to one another.

In order to produce a three-stage gearbox, the subassemblies, engineand, if appropriate, engine adapter plate A_(M), are connected to themounted part A₂ (see FIG. 3 b) in the way described above, a mountedpart A₃ being inserted intermediately between the mounted part A₂ andthe above-described ring wheel of the drive stage H_(an). In this case,the mounted part A₃ consists of a casing part 27 which connects thecasing part 10 of the hollow shaft wheel of the output stage H_(ab) andthe casing part 3 of the mounted part A₂ to one another.

Within the casing part 27 a ring wheel 31 is provided which meshes witha planet 32 seated on a universal planet-wheel carrier 28. At least oneplanet 32 meshes with a sun wheel 33. Furthermore, a bearing 30 isseated on part of the universal planet-wheel carrier 28. Thesesubassemblies correspond approximately to the construction of the ringwheel of the drive stage H_(an), as indicated in FIG. 4.

If the mounted part A₃ is assembled together with the ring wheel of thedrive stage H_(an), the sun wheel 23 engages positively and/ornonpositively into the plug-in sleeve 29 of the planet-wheel carrier 28,the bearing 24 being mounted in a bearing seat of the casing part 27.The universal planet-wheel carrier 28 thereby transmits the torque tothe sun 23.

Alternatively, during the connection of the subassemblies A₂ and A₃ toproduce the three-stage gearbox, the casing parts 3 and 27 are connectedto one another, the bearing 30 engaging into the bearing seat 26, andthe sun wheel 33 engaging into the plug-in sleeve 6 of the planet-wheelcarrier 4 of the mounted part A2.

An intermediate stage is thereby likewise produced.

In order to produce a TP gearbox with TP kinematics, in particular atwo-stage version, the ring wheel 20 of the ring wheel of the drivestage H_(an) is connected or screwed to the universal planet-wheelcarrier 9 of the hollow shaft wheel H_(ab) of the output stage.

When a gearbox, for example a two-stage gearbox with SP kinematics, isto be produced, then another mounting operation the ring wheel 20 of thering wheel of the drive stage H_(an) is screwed to the stationary casingpart 3 of the mounted part A₂, see FIGS. 3 b and 4.

An SP or a TP gearbox can thus be assembled by means of thesubassemblies H_(an), H_(ab) and A₂ as a result of the differentmounting of the individual subassemblies.

1-15. (canceled)
 16. A system for producing gearboxes, comprising aplurality of different subassemblies (M, A₁, A₂, A₃, H_(an), H_(ab),A_(E), A_(W), A_(F)), wherein a gearbox having SP kinematics or TPkinematics comprises a plurality of different mounting means forassembling at least one subassembly (H_(an)) with at least two of theother subassemblies (H_(ab)) and (A₂).
 17. The system as claimed inclaim 16, wherein a single-stage gearbox is assembled from thesubassemblies, engine (M) mounted part (A_(I)), hollow shaft wheel of anoutput stage (H_(ab)) and output unit (A_(E)) as an output shaft (A_(W))or as an output flange (A_(F)) or as a customer-specific drive unit. 18.The system as claimed in claim 17, wherein a two-stage gearbox isassembled from the subassembly, engine (M), a mounted part (A₂), a ringwheel of a drive stage (H_(an)), the hollow shaft wheel of the outputstage (H_(ab)) and a subsequent output unit (A_(E)).
 19. The system asclaimed in claim 18, wherein a further mounted part (A₃) is insertedbetween the mounted part (A₂) and the ring wheel of the drive stage(H_(an)).
 20. The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the ring wheelof the drive stage (H_(an)) has a ring wheel (20) into which a sun wheel(23), a universal planet-wheel carrier (21) and planets (22) areinserted.
 21. The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the hollowshaft wheel of the output stage (H_(ab)) is formed from a casing part(10) with universal planet-wheel carrier (9) and inserted planet (7) andsun wheel (8).
 22. The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein themounted parts (A₁) and (A₂) are formed from a casing part (3) with aclamping hub (2) inserted via bearings (5), having a sun wheel (3) withan integrated plug-in sleeve (6).
 23. The system as claimed in claim 18,wherein, in order to produce a gearbox with TP kinematics, the ringwheel (20) of the ring wheel of the drive stage (H_(an)) is connectedfixedly to a universal planet-wheel carrier (9) of the hollow shaftwheel of the output stage (H_(ab)).
 24. The system as claimed in claim18, wherein, in order to produce an SP gearbox with SP kinematics, thering wheel (20) of the ring wheel of the drive stage (H_(an)) isconnected fixedly to a casing part (3) of the mounted part (A₂).
 25. Thesystem as claimed in claim 19, wherein the mounted part (A₃) is formedfrom a casing part (27) into which a ring wheel (31) having anintegrated planet (32), universal planet-wheel carrier (28) and sunwheel (33) is integrated, the planet-wheel carrier (28) having a plug-insleeve (29) on one side.
 26. The system as claimed in claim 20, wherein,in order to produce two-stage TP gearboxes, the ring wheel (20) of thering wheel of the drive stage (H_(an)) is connected fixedly in terms ofrotation to the universal planet-wheel carrier (9) of the hollow shaftwheel (H_(ab)).
 27. The system as claimed in claim 20, wherein, in orderto produce a two-stage SP gearbox, the ring wheel (20) of the ring wheelof the drive stage (H_(an)) is connected fixedly to the casing (3) ofthe mounted part (A₂).
 28. The system as claimed in claim 19, wherein,in order to produce a three-stage TP or SP gearbox, a ring wheel (31) ofthe mounted part (A₃) is connected fixedly to the casing part (3) of themounted part (A₂), and the ring wheel (20) of the ring wheel of thedrive stage (H_(an)) is connected fixedly to the casing part (27) of themounted part (A₃).
 29. The system as claimed in claim 19, wherein, inorder to produce a three-stage TP or SP gearbox, the ring wheel (20) ofthe drive stage (H_(an)) is connected on the right to the output stage(H_(ab)) or on the left to the casing part (27) of the mounted part(A₃).
 30. The system as claimed in claim 19, wherein, in order toproduce a three-stage TP or SP gearbox, a ring wheel (31) of the mountedpart (A₃) is connected on the right to the casing part (27) of themounted part (A₃) or on the left to the casing part (3) of the mountedpart (A₂).